Definition
- What is ankylosing spondylitis? A, hl
- What are the types of ankylosing spondylitis? A
- What is spondylo-arthropathy or spondarthritis? A
- What are the diseases in spondylo-arthropathy? A
- What is enthesopathy? a
Epidemiology
- What is the age and sex prevalence of AS? hl
- What is genetic correlation of AS? hl
Etiology and Pathophysiology
- What is the cause of chest pain in ankylosing spondylitis? A
- What are the other causes of sacroiliitis? A
- What is the natural history of ankylosing spondylitis? a
Clinical manifestations
- What is the most common presentation of AS? A, hl
- What is the nature of arthritis in ankylosing spondylitis? a
- What are the features of back pain in ankylosing spondylitis? hl
- What are the extra-articular features of ankylosing spondylitis? A, hl
- Does AS involve peripheral joints? hl
- What is the pattern of peripheral arthritis?
- How can you differentiate ankylosing spondylitis from RA clinically? hl
Examinations
- What findings would you expect by examining the spine?
Investigations
- What are the investigations done in ankylosing spondylitis? a
- What are the radiological findings in sacroiliitis? hl
- What are the radiological findings in lumbosacral spines? hl
- How Schober’s test is performed? a
Diagnosis
- Why do you consider this diagnosis? hl
- What are your differential diagnoses? A
- Why is this not reactive arthritis? Hl
- Why is this not psoriatic spondylitis? hl
- What are the diagnostic criteria for AS? a
- What are the modified New York criteria (1984) for diagnosis for ankylosing spondylitis? hl
- Why is early diagnosis difficult in ankylosing spondylitis? Hl
- How to differentiate between mechanical and inflammatory arthritis? A
- How to differentiate aortic regurgitation of rheumatic heart disease and of ankylosing spondylitis? A
- What are the differences between syndesmophyte and osteophyte? a
Treatment
- How will you treat a case of ankylosing spondylitis? A, hl
- What is the prognosis? a
- How would you perform genetic counseling with this patient? a
Complications
- What are the causes of death in ankylosing spondylitis? a
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